Plugged Milk Duct
A plugged duct happens when inflammation (or swelling) narrows milk ducts in the breast, reducing the flow of milk. Globs of fat in breast milk can clump together and form a plug that gets stuck in the narrowed duct. This can feel like a small lump, sore knot, or hard area in the breast. You won’t have a fever or feel sick, but sometimes the narrowed duct can get worse and lead to an infection.
A plugged duct may happen:
- If more milk is produced than your baby needs, your body may respond with inflammation. Swelling from inflammation can put pressure on some of the ducts, which slows or blocks the milk from flowing well.
- If your breasts are engorged.
- If your baby skips a feeding or isn’t feeding as often as usual.
- If your bra or clothing is too tight.
- If you often have plugged ducts, it may mean your baby or breast pump isn’t removing enough milk, or you're using the same feeding positions too often.
What you can do:
- Continue to breastfeed or pump at the rate that has been normal for you when you were not experiencing a plugged duct. Pumping or breastfeeding more often can make a plugged duct worse.
- Use gentle massage for a few minutes before and during feedings to help loosen the plug and promote milk flow. Using your fingers, start behind the plugged area and use gentle circular motions moving toward the nipple. Do not pinch, squeeze, or massage firmly – this can cause more inflammation.
- Begin feedings on the side where you feel you have a plugged duct first. Your baby’s stronger initial sucking can help loosen the plug and keep milk moving freely.
- Try different feeding positions. Positioning your baby’s chin or nose toward the plug may help direct suction to that area.
- Apply ice or cold packs to reduce pain and swelling. Use the cold pack for 10 to 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. Help protect your skin by placing a thin cloth between the ice pack and your breast.
- Stay well-hydrated with water and rest as much as possible.
- Wear a well-fitting, supportive bra that doesn’t put pressure on your breasts.
- Use warm compresses cautiously before feeding, as brief warmth (about 5 to 10 minutes) can encourage milk flow, but avoid heat if your breasts are already inflamed, as this could make swelling worse.
- Ask your healthcare provider about medicine to help with pain and swelling, like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin). A lecithin supplement may help to treat and prevent plugs as well. Ask your doctor about the safest options for you.
If the blockage doesn’t clear or decrease in size within 24 hours, see a lactation consultant or healthcare provider. Sometimes, plugged ducts can lead to a breast infection, known as mastitis, which may require medical attention. Learn more about mastitis.
